Heart disease and stroke can affect anyone, but some groups are more likely to have conditions that increase their risk for cardiovascular disease. Cardiovascular disease, any of the diseases, whether congenital or acquired, of the heart and blood vessels. Pdf cardiovascular disease risk factors researchgate. Learn more about the different types of cardiovascular diseases, their causes, and their treatment. Coronary heart disease chd, also called coronary artery disease cad and atherosclerotic heart disease, is the end result of the accumulation of atheromatous plaques 5 within the walls of the arteries that supply the myocardium the muscle of the heart. This chapter defines cardiovascular risk factors, classifies them, briefly. The most common type of heart disease is coronary heart disease.
Its usually associated with a buildup of fatty deposits inside. There are many types, including coronary artery disease, angina, and heart failure. Cardiovascular diseases are a major cause of health problems and death in countries worldwide. Other heart conditions, such as those that affect your hearts muscle, valves or rhythm, also are considered forms of heart disease. Heart disease is the leading cause of death in the united states, causing about 1 in 4 deaths. Keep in mind all heart diseases are cardiovascular diseases, but not all cardiovascular diseases are heart disease. Cardiovascular disease generally refers to conditions that involve narrowed or blocked blood vessels that can lead to a heart attack, chest pain angina or stroke. Hypertension is defined as an average systolic blood pressure greater than or equal. Global atlas on cardiovascular disease prevention and control pdf. Cardiovascular disease cvd is an abnormal functioning of the heart or blood vessels. Heart attacks and strokes are usually acute events and are mainly caused by a blockage that prevents blood from flowing to the heart or brain.
Heart and blood vessel disease also called heart disease includes numerous problems, many of which are related to a process called atherosclerosis atherosclerosis is a condition that develops when a substance called plaque builds up in the walls of the arteries. Arrhythmia there are several ways in which a heartbeat can lose its regular rhythm. Cardiovascular disease affects the heart and blood vessels. In the united states, the most common type of heart disease is coronary artery disease cad, which can lead to heart attack. What is cardiovascular disease cvd risk factors for cvd. Prevention of cardiovascular disease world health organization. A type of cardiovascular disease heart disease is a catchall phrase for a variety of conditions that affect the hearts structure and function. Cardiovascular disease cvd is a class of diseases that involve the heart or blood vessels.
The term heart disease is often used interchangeably with the term cardiovascular disease. The most common reason is a buildup of fatty deposits on the inner walls of the blood vessels. The american heart association explains the various types of heart disease, also called coronary artery disease and coronary heart. Definition of cardiovascular disease nci dictionary of. Its usually associated with a buildup of fatty deposits inside the arteries atherosclerosis and an increased risk of blood clots it can also be associated with damage to arteries in organs such as the brain, heart, kidneys and eyes. Heart and blood vessel disease also called heart disease includes numerous problems, many of which are related to a process called atherosclerosis. A defect in the heart causes a shortage of oxygen around the body. Cardiovascular diseases include arteriosclerosis, coronary artery disease, heart valve disease, arrhythmia, heart failure, hypertension, orthostatic hypotension, shock, endocarditis, diseases of the aorta and its branches, disorders of the peripheral vascular system, and. Cardiovascular disease cvd is an umbrella term for a number of linked pathologies, commonly defined as coronary heart disease chd, cerebrovascular disease, peripheral arterial disease, rheumatic and congenital heart diseases and venous thromboembolism. Part 1 the total risk approach to prevention of cardiovascular disease. Cardiovascular disease can refer to a number of conditions. Heart disease is the leading cause of death for people.
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